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Paul Leonard Newman (January 26, 1925 - September 26, 2008) was an
American actor, film director, entrepreneur, race car driver, racing team
owner and humanitarian. He won numerous awards, including an Academy
Award, two Golden Globe Awards, a Screen Actors Guild Award, a Cannes Film
Festival Award, and an Emmy award, along with many honorary awards. He won
several national championships as a driver in Sports Car Club of America
road racing and his race teams won several championships in open wheel
Indy Car racing. He was also the founder of Newman's Own, a food company
from which Newman donated all profits and royalties to charity. As of May
2007, these donations have exceeded US$220 million. Newman died at his
long-time home in Westport, Connecticut after a battle with lung cancer.
Early life
Newman was born in Shaker Heights, Ohio (a suburb of Cleveland), the son
of Theresa and Arthur S. Newman, who ran a profitable sporting goods
store.His father was Jewish and his mother was born to a Slovak Catholic
family at Ptičie (formerly Peticse) in the former Kingdom of Hungary, now
in Slovakia,and converted to Christian Science when Paul was five. Newman
had described himself as Jewish, stating that, "it's more of a challenge."
Newman's mother worked in his father's store, while raising Paul and his
brother Arthur (who later became a producer and production manager).
Newman showed an early interest in the theater, which his mother
encouraged. At the age of seven, he made his acting debut, playing the
court jester in a school production of Robin Hood. Graduating from Shaker
Heights High School in 1943, he briefly attended Ohio University in
Athens, Ohio, where he was initiated into the Phi Kappa Tau fraternity.
Military service
Newman served in the Navy in World War II in the Pacific theater. Newman
was sent to the Navy V-12 program at Ohio University, with hope of being
accepted for pilot training, but this plan was foiled when a flight
physical revealed him to be colorblind. He was sent instead to boot camp
and then on to further training as a radioman and gunner. Qualifying as a
rear-seat radioman and gunner in torpedo bombers, in 1944, Aviation
Radioman Third Class Newman was sent to Barber's Point, Hawaii, and
subsequently assigned to Pacific-based replacement torpedo squadrons
(VT-98, VT-99, and VT-100). These torpedo squadrons were responsible
primarily for training replacement pilots and combat air crewmen, placing
particular importance on carrier landings.[12] He later flew from aircraft
carriers as a tail gunner in the Avenger. As a radioman/gunner, he served
aboard the USS Bunker Hill during the battle for Okinawa in the spring of
1945. He was ordered to the ship as radioman/gunner in an Avenger with a
draft of replacements shortly before the attack, but by a fluke of war was
held back because his pilot had an ear infection. The rest of his detail
died.
After the war, he completed his degree at Kenyon College, graduating in
1949. Newman later studied acting at Yale University and under Lee
Strasberg at the Actors' Studio in New York City.
Oscar Levant wrote that Newman was initially hesitant to leave New York
for Hollywood: "Too close to the cake," he reported him saying, "Also, no
place to study."
Film career
Newman made his Broadway theater debut in the original production of
William Inge's Picnic, with Kim Stanley. He later appeared in the original
Broadway productions of The Desperate Hours and Sweet Bird of Youth with
Geraldine Page. He would later star in the film version of Sweet Bird of
Youth, which also starred Page.
His first movie was The Silver Chalice (1954), followed by acclaimed roles
in Somebody Up There Likes Me (1956), as boxer Rocky Graziano; Cat on a
Hot Tin Roof (1958), opposite Elizabeth Taylor; and The Young
Philadelphians (1959), with Barbara Rush and Robert Vaughn.
Newman appeared in a screen test with James Dean for East of Eden (1955).
Newman was testing for the role of Aron Trask, Dean was testing for the
role of Aron's older brother Cal Trask (although Newman is older than
Dean). Dean won the part of Cal, while the role Newman was up for went to
Richard Davalos. The same year Newman would co-star with Eva Marie Saint
and Frank Sinatra in a live — and color - television broadcast of the
Thornton Wilder stage play Our Town. In 2003 Newman would act in a remake
of Our Town, taking on Sinatra's role as the stage manager.
Major films
Newman was one of the few actors who successfully made the transition from
1950s cinema to that of the 1960s and 1970s. His rebellious persona
translated well to a subsequent generation. Newman starred in Exodus
(1960), The Hustler (1961), Hud (1963), Harper (1966), Hombre (1967), Cool
Hand Luke (1967), The Towering Inferno (1974), Slap Shot (1977) and The
Verdict (1982). He teamed with fellow actor Robert Redford and director
George Roy Hill for Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969) and The
Sting (1973).
He appeared with his wife, Joanne Woodward, in the feature films The Long,
Hot Summer (1958), Rally 'Round the Flag, Boys!, (1958), From the Terrace
(1960), Paris Blues (1961), A New Kind of Love (1963), Winning (1969),
WUSA (1970), The Drowning Pool (1975), Harry & Son (1984) and Mr. and Mrs.
Bridge (1990). They also both starred in the HBO miniseries Empire Falls,
but did not have any scenes together.
In addition to starring in and directing Harry & Son, Newman also directed
four feature films (in which he did not act) starring Woodward. They were
Rachel, Rachel (1968), based on Margaret Laurence's A Jest of God, the
screen version of the Pulitzer Prize-winning play The Effect of Gamma Rays
on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds (1972), the television screen version of the
Pulitzer Prize-winning play The Shadow Box (1980) and a screen version of
Tennessee Williams' The Glass Menagerie (1987).
25 years after "The Hustler", Newman reprised his role of "Fast" Eddie
Felson in the Martin Scorsese directed The Color of Money (1986) for which
he won the Academy Award for Best Actor.
Last works
In 2003, he appeared in a Broadway theatre revival of Thornton Wilder's
Our Town. He received his first Tony Award nomination for his performance.
PBS and the cable network Showtime aired a taping of the production, and
Newman was nominated for an Emmy Award, for Outstanding Lead Actor in a
Miniseries or TV Movie.
His last screen appearance was as a conflicted mob boss in the 2002 film
Road to Perdition opposite Tom Hanks, although he continued to provide
voice work for films. In keeping with his strong interest in car racing,
he provided the voice of Doc Hudson, a retired race car in Disney/Pixar's
Cars. Similarly, he served as narrator for the 2007 film Dale, about the
life of the legendary NASCAR driver Dale Earnhardt.
Retirement from acting
Newman announced that he would entirely retire from acting on May 25,
2007. He stated that he didn't feel he could continue acting on the level
that he would want to. "You start to lose your memory, you start to lose
your confidence, you start to lose your invention. So I think that's
pretty much a closed book for me."
Philanthropy
With writer A.E. Hotchner, Newman founded Newman's Own, a line of food
products, in 1982. The brand started with salad dressing, and has expanded
to include pasta sauce, lemonade, popcorn, and salsa, and wine among other
things. Newman donates the proceeds, after taxes, to charity. As of early
2006, the franchise has resulted in excess of $200 million in
donations.[3] He co-wrote a memoir about the subject with Hotchner,
Shameless Exploitation in Pursuit of the Common Good. Among other awards,
Newman co-sponsors the PEN/Newman's Own First Amendment Award, a $25,000
reward designed to recognize those who protect the first amendment as it
applies to the written word.
One beneficiary of his philanthropy is the Hole in the Wall Gang Camp, a
residential summer camp for seriously ill children, which is located in
Ashford, Connecticut. Newman cofounded the camp in 1988; it was named
after the gang in his film Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969).
Newman's college fraternity, Phi Kappa Tau, adopted "Hole in the Wall" as
their "national philanthropy" in 1995. One camp has expanded to become
several Hole in the Wall Camps in the U.S., Ireland, France and Israel.
The camp serves 13,000 children every year, free of charge.
In June 1999 Newman donated $250,000 to the relief of Kosovo refugees.
On June 1, 2007, Kenyon College announced that Newman had donated $10
million to the school to establish a scholarship fund as part of the
college's current $230 million fund-raising campaign. Newman and Woodward
were honorary co-chairs of a previous campaign.
Auto racing
Newman was an avid auto racing enthusiast, and first became interested in
motorsports ("the first thing that I ever found I had any grace in") while
training for and filming Winning, a 1969 film.
Newman's first professional event was in 1972, in Thompson, Connecticut.
He ran the 24 hours of Le Mans once in 1979 and finished second in Dick
Barbour's Porsche 935.
From the mid-'70s to the early '90s, he drove for the Bob Sharp Racing
team, racing mainly Nissans. He became heavily associated with the brand
during the '80s, even appearing in commercials for them. At the age of 70,
he became the oldest driver to be part of a winning team in a major
sanctioned race, the 24 Hours of Daytona in 1995. Newman told an
Associated Press journalist in March 2005 that he'll "probably race for
another year".
Newman co-founded Newman/Haas/Lanigan Racing with Carl Haas, a Champ Car
team, in 1983. He was also a partner in the Atlantic Championship team
Newman Wachs Racing. The 1996 racing season was chronicled in the IMAX
film Super Speedway, which Newman narrated. His team Newman/Haas/Lanigan
announced a partnership with Robert Yates Racing of the NASCAR Nextel Cup
Series, but that partnership collapsed when Yates announced his retirement
from racing in September 2007.
Illness and death
Newman was scheduled to make his professional directorial stage debut with
the Westport Country Playhouse's 2008 production of John Steinbeck's Of
Mice and Men, but he stepped down on May 23, 2008, citing health issues.
In June 2008 it was widely reported that Newman, a former chain smoker,
had been diagnosed with lung cancer and was receiving treatment at
Sloan-Kettering hospital in New York City. Photographs taken of Newman in
May and June showed him looking gaunt. Writer A.E. Hotchner, who partnered
with Newman to start Newman's Own salad dressing company in the 1980s, was
quoted in the media as saying that Newman told him about the disease about
18 months ago.Newman's spokesman told the press that the star is "doing
nicely," but neither confirmed nor denied that he had cancer.In August,
Newman reportedly had finished chemotherapy and had told his family he
wished to die at home. His daughter, Nell, is poised to take over Newman's
Own.
Paul Newman died of lung cancer on September 26, 2008 aged 83 at his
long-time home in Westport, Connecticut. He was surrounded by his family
and close friends.
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